• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:SE1000357A1
    申请号:SE1000357
    申请日:2010-04-12
    公开日:2011-10-13
    发明作者:Staffan Sjoegren
    申请人:Scirocco Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention consists of an RF ID system with a directional antenna for frequencies within an assigned RFID band at a frequency lower than 1 GHz, wherein said antenna is integrated with at least two direction sensitive Doppler sensors adjacent to the antenna patch and where the Doppler sensors for compact antenna dimensions and compliance with frequency regulations, operates at 9 GHz or higher. In Europe, the frequency bands for Doppler sensors are divided into 9 to 11 Gl-Iz.
    Thanks to the much higher frequency of the Doppler radio than of the RFID system, the empty space on the ground plane of the RFID antenna can be used for Doppler sensors and direct the lobes in opposite directions and with high directing effect. In one embodiment of the invention, the RFID patch is intended for linear polarization with the Doppler sensors placed on the ground plane along a non-radiating side of the patch where in principle no radiating field is present. A linearly polarized tag is per de fi nition much more compact and costs less than a circularly polarized tag and thus becomes a desired alternative for installation on road vehicles, and in addition a linearly polarized system generally gives higher performance in terms of range than a circularly polarized system.
    The RFID antenna is normally oriented substantially perpendicular to the path while the Doppler sensors are directed away from this direction along the track in two directions. The Doppler sensor pointing in the direction of an oncoming train allows the RFID reader to switch from idle mode with low power consumption, to active mode with active transmitter for identifying tags on a passing train as it passes through the zone. In this way, the RFID reader remains idle until an object is classified as valid and must be identified by actively reading RFID tags on the vehicle or vehicles. Doppler sensor works in pulsed mode to further save energy, but is pulsed often enough to safely detect objects.
    The signals from the Doppler sensor pointing in the distance direction of the train are compared with the signal from the Doppler sensor pointing in the direction of arrival of the train to keep the RFID reader active only for as long as necessary to securely identify all tags on the train and to switch the reader to a passive state.
    The directional Doppler sensors can use patch antennas on a dielectric substrate for compact dimensions, and in a preferred embodiment with patch antennas have these formed in an array of at least two antenna patches for increased directivity.
    In addition to identifying passing vehicles with minimized energy consumption, the system also determines the direction of passage. This can be done using logic based on a sequence of signals from the Doppler sensors.
    By sensing the strength of Doppler signals from the sensors, the system can determine if passing trains are running on desired tracks or on adjacent, parallel tracks. This decision has been made by sensing the strength of Doppler signals from sensors and / or by FFT analysis.
    The system can be operated with independent power sources such as solar cells or wind generator and battery, and can communicate its data with a central system via a radio-based method, such as GPRS, for installation and use in remote locations.
    EP0640235 published 1995-03-01 and EP207000l published 2009-06-17 describe inventions where Doppler detection is combined with RFID.
    Fundamentals of this invention assume that different frequencies and separate circuits are used for RFID and Doppler sensing, while both EP0640235 and EP2070001 use the same signal frequency and common circuits for RFID and Doppler sensing.
    In the present invention, the zones of the Doppler sensors must be directed in different directions than the identification zone, and the sensing zones of the Doppler sensors must also preferably have a narrower beam width than the RFID zone in order to avoid undesired identification of extraneous objects such as humans and animals. These properties can only be achieved with 2 (3) with considerably different frequencies for RFID and Doppler sensing, unless an antenna with a casing which is many times larger than that of the invention is to be used.
    EP0640235 mainly concerns applications for land and access control, in particular for use in cars and / or buildings, and where the Doppler detection area is generally smaller than the identification area to enable the alarm function to be desaminated using a tag. This differs in function from the invention described herein where the Doppler sensing area is generally larger than the identification area. Train identification is not mentioned in EP0640235.
    EP207000l mainly concerns warehouse management, electronic access control, security systems, automatic identification of cars on toll roads and electronic goods alarms. Doppler sensing is used to detect an object inside the identification zone, as well as to increase the output power of an RFID reader to obtain a secure identification. This differs from the function in the invention described here where the main part of the Doppler sensing area is outside the identification area. Train identification is not mentioned in EP207000l.
    US2009303004 published 2009-12-10 describes an RF ID system which comprises determining a motion parameter in the RFID tag and is based on detecting Doppler frequency shift in a radio frequency signal received from the RF ID tag. The present invention utilizes substantially different frequencies for RFID function and Doppler sensing. Train identification is not mentioned in US2009303004.
    A manufacturer of RFID reader bypasses offers a reader that is designed for mounting between the rails and that can detect the direction of movement of a train using a built-in Doppler radar. This reader also uses the same frequency for Doppler sensing and RFID functions and operates at 2.45 GHz instead of less than 1 GHz which is relevant to this invention. Said 2.45 GHz reader works only with battery-assisted tags, while RFID readers according to this invention emit a radiation that drives the tags and can therefore work with tags that do not have a battery. Although RFID for equals and RFID in combination with Doppler sensing technology have been widely used for many years, no RFID system for equals has, as far as is known, combined these two technologies in an optimal way for equilibrium applications.
    The invention described here describes a solution with RFID for equilibria in combination with Doppler sensing technology where all the mentioned problems en find an elegant solution.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATIONS The invention will now be described in more detail where Figure 1 schematically shows an RFID system for equilibrium identification Figure 2 shows a sequence of signals for logical conclusions about a passing train Figure 3 shows an RFID antenna with two Doppler sensors Figure 4 shows a Doppler sensor with an antenna array 3 (8) PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Figure 1 shows a balance track 17 and a pole 12 where solar cells 11 and a battery 13 drive an RF ID reader with antenna and Doppler sensors on a pole. To save energy, the Doppler sensors are preferably operated in a pulsed position with a low operating factor. The left sensor lobe 14 faces the left side of the post and the right sensor lobe 15 faces the right side of the post. Each lobe is set up to first detect oncoming trains from the left and right, respectively. When a train arrives, this is detected by means of algorithms in or with a connection to a Doppler sensor, the RFID reader is activated so that tags on the train vehicle can be read in RFID lobe 16.
    Figure 2 shows tracks A and B that run parallel and next to each other. The tracks are set up for trains in the direction of the right 21 and the direction of the left 26.
    The Doppler detection signals 24 and 25, as the train passes through areas 22 and 23, appear in the order representing the direction of movement of the train. Dots 27, 28, 29 and 30 correspond to the edges of the detection zones.
    Depending on the strength and / or frequency components of the Doppler signals, the direction of movement can be determined by logic and / or with FF T. In this way, the system saves energy, registers the direction of movement of the train and reads only vehicle tags on the correct track.
    Figure 3 shows a directional RF ID antenna for frequencies lower than 1 GHz, where the antenna patch 33 is placed in front of a larger ground plane 32. Two Doppler sensors 31 are mounted on the ground plane next to the patch where there is basically no radiating field. Because the Doppler sensors operate with patch antennas above 9 GHz, their antennas are proportionally smaller than the RFID antenna. When air is used mid-ground and patch in the RFID antenna, and a dielectric material with dielectric constant higher than lu fl is used between ground and patch in the Doppler sensor patch antenna, this difference is even more pronounced and allows a row of two or fl your patch antennas in the Doppler sensor for optimal direction.
    With high directivity in the Doppler sensor, it is possible to aim the sensor slightly upwards so that only trains are detected and not animals or people moving on the ground. This ensures that only trains and not people or animals will start an RFID identification process.
    Figure 4 shows a Doppler sensor with an array 41 with two patch antennas for transmission and another array 42 with two patch antennas for reception. Since the arrays consist of patches on top of each other, the vertical lobe width is reduced so that only a relatively high equilibrium vehicle is detected and a relatively low object such as a person or an animal is not detected. Although the invention described herein and its advantages have been described in detail, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as claimed in the following claims. 4 (8)
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    Radio frequency identification system (RFID) for equal paths, characterized in that an RFID reader operates with a directional RFID antenna at a frequency lower than 1 GHz, where its patch antenna is integrated with at least two direction-sensitive Doppler sensors (31) and where these Doppler sensors operate at 9 GHz or higher.
    [2]
    RFID system according to claim 1, characterized in that the RFID antenna is directed substantially perpendicularly (16) to the track and that each of the Doppler sensors is directed substantially away from perpendicular in each (14, 15) of the track two directions.
    [3]
    RFID system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the patch (33) of the RFID antenna is formed with linear polarization (34) and that Doppler sensors (31) are placed in the ground plane along a non-radiating side of said antenna patch where in principle no radiant field (35) fi nns.
    [4]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Doppler sensors are operated in a pulsed position with a low operating factor.
    [5]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Doppler sensor pointing in the direction of an incoming train causes the RFID reader to switch from idle mode with low power consumption to active mode with activated transmitter for identifying tags on passing trains.
    [6]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that detection signals (25) from the Doppler sensor pointing in the tarmac direction of the train are compared with the detection signal (24) from the Doppler sensor pointing in the direction of arrival of the train and keeping the RFID reader active for as long as needed. for secure identification of tags on the train to then switch over the reader to dormant state.
    [7]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Doppler sensors use patch antennas (41, 42) on a dielectric substrate.
    [8]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the patch antennas of the Doppler sensors are designed with an array of at least two antenna patches for increased directivity.
    [9]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system, in addition to identification, also determines the direction of passage through logic.
    [10]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system determines whether passing trains are run on the expected track or on adjacent, parallel tracks, by sensing the strength of Doppler signals from the sensors.
    [11]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system determines whether passing trains are run on the expected track or on adjacent, parallel tracks, by F FT analysis of Doppler signals from the sensors.
    [12]
    RFID system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system is powered by solar cells (1 1) or a wind generator and a battery (13), and in that the system communicates its data with a central system via a radio-based method such as GPRS. 5 (8)
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    SE534937C2|2012-02-21|
    WO2011129750A1|2011-10-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US6046683A|1996-12-31|2000-04-04|Lucent Technologies Inc.|Modulated backscatter location system|
    WO2002073234A1|2001-03-14|2002-09-19|Ip And Innovation Company Holdings Limited|Presence detection|
    US7609163B2|2006-09-01|2009-10-27|Sensormatic Electronics Corporation|Radio frequency ID Doppler motion detector|
    US8242888B2|2008-06-05|2012-08-14|Keystone Technology Solutions, Llc|Systems and methods to determine motion parameters using RFID tags|FR3002039B1|2013-02-13|2017-03-17|Ntn-Snr Roulements|SYSTEM FOR DIAGNOSING THE STRUCTURAL STATE OF A BEARING UNIT OF A WHEELED VEHICLE ON A TRACK, COMPRISING EMITTING AND RECEIVING PUNCTURAL ANTENNAS.|
    法律状态:
    2013-12-03| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1000357A|SE534937C2|2010-04-12|2010-04-12|RFID system for identification of trains|SE1000357A| SE534937C2|2010-04-12|2010-04-12|RFID system for identification of trains|
    PCT/SE2011/050433| WO2011129750A1|2010-04-12|2011-04-11|Rfid system|
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